Diabetes is a disease characterized by long-term blood sugar levels are above normal.
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| Type 1 Diabetes |
Any Type of Diabetes
The main types of the disease are diabetes type 1 and type 2 diabetes People with type 1 diabetes are dependent on insulin. This type is also sometimes known as diabetes 'teenager' due primarily affects patients under the age of 40 years, especially in adolescence.
The pancreas in patients with type 1 diabetes the body does not produce insulin, so patients must receive insulin injections every day. Insulin is very important because it serves to control blood sugar levels. Blood sugar levels that are too high can result in serious damage to organs.
In addition to injecting insulin, people with type 1 diabetes also have to keep blood sugar levels to remain balanced. For example, with a healthy diet, regular exercise, and regular blood tests.
Common symptoms in Diabetes
Symptoms of diabetes vary. Among them:
- Often feel thirsty.
- Frequent fatigue.
- Frequent urination, especially at night.
- Decreased muscle mass (in patients with type 1 diabetes).
- The weight loss (in people with type 1 diabetes).
What Causes The occurrence of Type 1 Diabetes
The main cause of diabetes is closely linked to the hormone insulin. Type 1 diabetes is caused by the body's inability to produce insulin. This hormone serves to move glucose from the blood into the cells that will process it into energy. The pancreas in patients with type 1 diabetes the body is unable to produce insulin the body needs.
Without insulin, the body's cells will process the fat and muscle into energy, causing weight loss. This can lead to an acute condition called diabetic ketoacidosis in patients with type 1 diabetes, which is when the blood becomes too acidic and dangerous dehydration.
Type 1 diabetes is called an autoimmune condition, the immune system attacks the cells in the pancreas because they thought they harm the body.
Measures Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes
Diabetes can not be cured and can only be controlled. Early diagnosis of diabetes is very important so that treatment can be done immediately. With early detection, the blood sugar levels of diabetics can be controlled. Diabetes treatment aims to maintain the balance of blood sugar levels and control of symptoms in order to prevent complications that may occur.
Body type 1 diabetics do not produce insulin anymore so they must receive insulin supply from outside the body on a regular basis. They are also required to learn to adjust the supply of insulin with food intake, blood sugar levels, and activities undertaken. This adjustment process must be gradual. Some types of insulin that can be used, including:
- Long-acting insulin that can last one day.
- Short-acting insulin that can last up to eight hours.
- Rapid-acting insulin that did not last long, but reacted quickly.
Getting treatment for diabetics can use a combination of the types of insulin at the top.
Transplantation of pancreatic cells that produce insulin (islet cells) may also help some people with diabetes type 1. In this process, islet cells are taken from a donor of the deceased will be inserted into the pancreas of diabetics 1.
Islet transplantation is effective to reduce the risk of severe hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia is a condition where blood sugar levels fall too low. This condition is as dangerous as blood sugar levels that are too high. However, although there are countries that have implemented islet transplantation, many diabetics who are reluctant to go through because the risks are quite high.
Brought to Diabetes Complications
High blood glucose levels can cause damage to blood vessels, nerves, and organs. Therefore, diabetes can lead to complications if not controlled properly. Increased blood sugar levels are not significant and do not trigger symptoms can lead to long-term impact.
Healthy and balanced diet and regular exercise are proven to lower blood sugar levels for diabetics. Quitting smoking also often can reduce the risk of heart disease complications.
Emerging Diabetes in Pregnancy
Diabetes is also often affect pregnant women. Women who are pregnant also sometimes have blood sugar levels were very high during pregnancy so that the body can not produce enough insulin to absorb it.
This type of diabetes known as gestational diabetes generally develops in the second trimester and disappears after the baby is born. Diabetes can occur at about two people among the 100 women who became pregnant. For women with type 1 diabetes, pregnancy may worsen their condition.
Patients with type 1 diabetes who become pregnant also have a higher risk for complications, especially on the health of the fetus. Because it is very important for people with diabetes who are pregnant to balance blood sugar levels.
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